A REVIEW OF OPTIMIZATION OF SECONDARY BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM BY SYMBIOSIS OF MICRO-ALGAE AND BACTERIA

Abstract

In the past decades, several models have been developed to describe nutrient removal from wastewater.
Most of these models are based on activated sludge systems or photosynthetic organisms, such as algae and plants,
which are known to be efficient in nutrients uptake. However, there is a lack of models describing the interactions in
combined algal-bacterial systems. This research proposes a model to describe the nutrient removal processes in
treating wastewater with an algal-bacterial consortium. “Pollution control is one of the most important factors in
preserving a balanced environment”. There are many methods of removing pollution from municipal wastes,
ranging from simple municipal primary treatment, to complex biological and chemical primary or secondary or
tertiary treatment. All these systems are primarily concentrated on removal of bio logical oxygen demand (BOD)
wastes. Even presence of the high ammonical nitrogen, heavy metals like hexavalent chromium, arsenic, nickel,
mercury etc. will create problem in secondary treatment. In another manner of expression, the invention concerns a
method of pollution control wherein unicellular or we can say similar algae, such algae being a good source of
protein, are grown in symbiotic relationship with aerobic bacteria on nitrogen-providing or protein-providing
aqueous waste materials such as portions of sewage, cannery wastes, etc., in a way that produces purified water, an
algal mass high in protein, and free oxygen, which is liberated to the atmosphere