Improving Routing in a Cognitive Radio Using Cost Aware Secure Routing Network Protocol

Abstract

The lifetime optimization and security are two conflicting design issues for multi-hop wireless sensor
networks (WSNs) with non-replenish able energy resources. In this paper, we first propose a novel secure and
efficient Cost-Aware Secure Routing (CASER) protocol to address these two conflicting issues through two adjustable
parameters: energy balance control (EBC) and probabilistic based random walking. We then discover that the energy
consumption is severely disproportional to the uniform energy deployment for the given network topology, which
greatly reduces the lifetime of the sensor networks. To solve this problem, we propose an efficient non-uniform energy
deployment strategy to optimize the lifetime and message delivery ratio under the same energy resource and security
requirement. We also provide a quantitative security analysis on the proposed routing protocol. Our theoretical
analysis and OPNET simulation results demonstrate that the proposed CASER protocol can provide an excellent
tradeoff between routing efficiency and energy balance, and can significantly extend the lifetime of the sensor
networks in all scenarios. For the non-uniform energy deployment, our analysis shows that we can increase the
lifetime and the total number of messages that can be delivered by more than four times under the same assumption.
We also demonstrate that the proposed CASER protocol can achieve a high message delivery.