Sustainable synthesis of clean energy fuel Bio-ethanol from low cost biomass resources

Abstract

Bio-ethanol is a domestically produced liquid fuel made from renewable plant resources know as biomass. This production of
Bio-ethanol is an effective tool for reducing air toxic that comes from the transportation sector and is presently used as an
alternative to the depleting resources. In this present study, bio-ethanol was produced by using 3various low cost raw biomasses
which include paddy straws, paddy husk, and sugar cane beets. To produce ethanol from biomass two key processes were
followed. Fist the starch or hemicelluloses and cellulose portions of the biomass were broken down into simple sugar through a
process called saccharification. Second the sugars are fermented to produce ethanol. The enzyme were used for the hydrolysis of
the biomass namely cellulose form Trichoderma viride. Cellulase was used for the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose.
Enzymes were used for hydrolysis of the samples. 3 biomass types (sugar cane beets, Paddy straws and Paddy husk) were
hydrolyzed by cellulase. The fermented product was purified by primary distillation process at 80 0C and fraction was collected
and determined by specific gravity method. Further study can be done to yield more amount of ethanol by optimizing the activity
of enzymes over biomass, incubate temperature incubate time and by secondary distillation after primary distillation.